Introduction of Networking

Basic Concepts and Questions

Internet is made of

  • component: computing devices,communication links and rounters.
  • service: communication infrastructure/services provided to Apps
  • Protocols:network of networks

connect to the Internet

network edge ---access networks--- network core

core: router switch (mainly forward)

无线路由器其实是被叫做无线AP,能力很有限,主要为了发送无线信号,不属于核心网络中的以转发为主要功能的路由器

Wireless Access Networks:

local area network(LAN): Ethernet

Wireless LANs(WiFi),Wider-area wireless access(3G,4G)

Internet History

Protocol Layers and Service Model

Network Performance

网络性能指标

delay:source to destination

传输延迟 Transmission delay:bandwidth,报文大小/

传播延迟 Propagation delay:导线传播时间

网络中心节点有关(动态相关

Loss

Throughput

吞吐量

在任何时间的瞬时吞吐量(instantaneous throughput)是主机接收到一个文件的速率(bps)。如果文件由 F比特组成,主机接收到所有比特用去$T$秒,则文件传送的平均吞吐量(average throughput)是 $F/T$ bps。

没有其他干扰流量时,其吞吐量近似为沿着源和目的地之间路径的最小传输效率。

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